General Surgery Instruments:
Content
Introduction:
Most common use able surgical Instruments:
Conclusion:
Introduction:
The surgical instruments from the field of “general surgery” are used in all standard surgical instruments and in diagnostics. The instruments for general surgery are also used to supplement instruments in specialist areas such as ENT, ophthalmology, thoracic surgery, bone surgery or microsurgery. With around 8,000 instruments, general surgery instruments represent the largest part of our product range. In general surgery a complete range of instruments for all other surgical disciplines such as abdominal surgery, gynecology, obstetrics, ENT or urology.
Most common useable surgical Instrument:
The most common general surgery instruments include tweezers, clamps, scissors, hooks, needle holders and redon skewers.
Tweezers:
Tweezers are used when tissue or material needs to be grasped.
Shape:
Depending on where the tissue to be gripped is located, different types of tweezers are used.
- Just
- angled
- Bent
- bayonet shaped
- mouth surface
Depending on the type of tissue to be gripped, forceps with different jaw surfaces are used.
Anatomical jaw surface function: Allows a strong grip and squeezes the tissue without damaging the tissue surface,
- mouth surface
- Cross-striped corrugation
- Blunt tip
- operation area
- Application of current to stop bleeding
- Fine anatomical tweezers: e.g. in intestinal surgery
Surgical jaw surface function:
Enables a strong and – due to the teeth – secure grip and squeezes the tissue
Caution: Damage to the tissue surface by the teeth is possible
mouth surface Cross-striped, cross-shaped corrugation or without corrugation, Interlocking teeth at the top.
Area of application: Gripping subcutaneous fatty tissue or fascia
Atraumatic jaw surface:
Function: Enable a less firm but tissue-friendly grip than anatomical and surgical forceps.
- mouth surface
- Cross-striped corrugation with one (single toothing) or two longitudinal grooves (double toothing) or cross-shaped.
- corrugation
- Blunt tip
Area of application: Especially in vascular and intestinal surgery.
Examples are;
- Anatomical Forceps
- Surgical Forceps
- Adson surgical forceps
- surgical forceps
- Potts-Smith surgical forceps
- Atraumatic forceps
- De Bakey atraumatic forceps
Clamps:
Tissue or material can be grasped with the help of clamps and held passively over a longer period of time after the locking grid has engaged. Depending on the application, different types of clamps are used.
shape:
Depending on where the tissue to be grasped is located, different types of clamps are used.
Just
Bent
angled
bayonet shaped
mouth surface
Clamps with different jaw surfaces are used depending on the type of tissue to be grasped.
Anatomical jaw surface:
Function: Allows a strong grip and squeezes the tissue without damaging the tissue surface
- mouth surface
- Cross-striped corrugation
- Blunt tip
Application: Coarse tissue that would be injured by the teeth of a surgical clamp.
Surgical jaw surface function:
Enables a strong and – due to the teeth – secure grip and squeezes the tissue
Caution: Damage to the tissue surface by the teeth is possible
mouth surface Cross-striped, cross-shaped corrugation or without corrugation.
Interlocking teeth at the top
Area of application: If fabric or material can theoretically be damaged or if the fabric is resilient
Atraumatic jaw surface
Function: Provide a less firm, but tissue-friendly grip than anatomical and surgical clamps.
- mouth surface
- Cross-striped corrugation with one (single toothing) or two longitudinal grooves (double toothing) or cross-shaped corrugation
- Blunt tip
Area of application: When sensitive tissue has to be clamped, e.g. in vascular and intestinal surgery.
Flexibility of the mouth surface:
Depending on how flexible the steel of the jaw surface of a clamp is, a distinction is made between hard-gripping and soft-gripping clamps. Hard-gripping clamps often have a surgical or anatomical jaw surface, while soft-gripping clamps often have an atraumatic or anatomical jaw surface.
Hard gripping clamps
Function: Grip and squeeze tissue
- mouth surface.
- Steel of the jaw surface does not yield
- Often surgical or anatomical
- operation area
- binding of threads
- grasping the peritoneum
- Clamping of organ capsules
Soft gripping clamps
Function: Fix the tissue, but do not damage it
- mouth surface
- Steel of the mouth gives way
- Often atraumatic or anatomical
- operation area
- Intestinal surgery to clamp off the intestinal passage
- Vascular surgery to pinch off blood flow,examples
- Anatomical clamps
- Pean anatomical artery clamp
- Overholt dissection clamp
- mosquito clamp
- towel clip
- surgical clamps
- Stomach clamp, appendix clamp
- Mikulicz peritoneum clamp
- Artery clamp according to Kocher
- Atraumatic clamps
- Large, curved grain forceps
- Straight grain tongs.
Scissors:
Scissors are used when tissue or material needs to be severed or pushed apart.
Shape of handle and cutting blades:
Different types of scissors are used depending on the location of the tissue that needs to be severed or pushed apart. Both the handle of the scissors and the cutting blades can have the following shapes.
- Long
- Short
- Just
- Bent
- angled
Shape of the cutting blades:
Depending on the application, the ends of the cutting blades can be pointed or blunt.
Blunt/blunt: Both ends of the cutting blades are blunt
Pointed/blunt: One of the ends of the cutting blades is pointed, the other is blunt
Pointed/Pointed: Both ends of the cutting blades are pointed
With button: button on one of the ends of the cutting blades to protect the underlying tissue.
Examples:
Dissecting scissors
- Dissecting scissors according to Mayo-Lexer
- TC Gold dissecting scissors
- Surgical scissors
Hook:
Retractors are used to retain tissue and allow a clear view of, and good access to, the surgical field.
Features:
Depending on the structure that needs to be retained, different sizes and shapes of retractors are used. One of the most important characteristics is the distinction between sharp and blunt hooks.
Sharp: For holding back tough tissue where there is no risk of damaging sensitive structures.
Blunt: For restraining delicate structures or when delicate structures are close to the hook.
Examples:
- Sharp retractors
- Retractor with 4 prongs
- Retractor with 6 teeth
- Blunt Retractors
- Saddle hook after Desmarres.
- Saddle hook after Kocher.
- Retractor with 2 prongs.
- Parker double hook.
- Roux double hook.
Needle holders:
Needle holders belong to the tissue-merging instruments. They are used to hold and guide the needle when the seam is applied. They are similar to clamps in their basic structure.
Features:
- Usually cross-shaped grooved jaw surface.
- Have a locking mechanism to allow the needle to be locked in place.
- Different lengths and curvatures depending on where the seam is to be placed.
Examples:
- TC-Gold needle holder according to Crile-Wood.
- TC-Gold needle holder after Hegar.
Redon skewers
Redon skewers are used to lay a redon drainage. Redon drains conduct wound exudate out of the wound cavity and are usually located subfascially or in the subcutaneous fatty tissue. Redon skewers of different sizes are used depending on the surgical area.
Procedure:
- Attachment of the drainage hose to the Redon spike.
- Pierce the skin next to the wound from the inside out with the Redon spear.
- Removing the Redon skewer.
- Sewing on the drainage tube and connecting it to the redon bottle.
Conclusion:
At the end we just say that a good quality of general surgery Instruments has a lot of benefits especially during surgery. It helps them to do surgery perfectly. Here in above there is a brief overview of the most important regulations, the meaning and have an impact on the quality of surgical instruments
